Exclusive investigation: the PKK network in Tindouf

On January 7, 2025, chants of “Free, Free Rojava” echoed through the hyper-militarized Tindouf camps, a Polisario stronghold in Algeria, as flags of the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) and YPJ were raised high during the “Solidarity Summit 2025.” Organized from January 4-7 at the National Union of Sahrawi Women headquarters, the summit prominently featured Benjamin Ladraa, a self-described Algerian-Swedish-Palestinian activist known for media stunts, and Kerem Schamberger, a German anarchist-communist with strong ties to the Rojava/YPJ movement in northeastern Syria. Schamberger delivered a statement in support of the YPJ, and foreign parliamentarians were later recorded holding and hosting Rojava and YPJ flags while chanting “Free, Free Rojava.” The footage, broadcast by Kurdish media and followed by a YPJ press release thanking the Polisario movement for its solidarity, was amplified by Moroccan media and sparked outrage in Turkey. In response, the Algerian embassy in Ankara issued a carefully worded denial, claiming that no Kurdish delegation was present and dismissing the claims as “imaginary and factitious.” While technically accurate, this statement conceals a calculated hybrid operation: a coordinated network of European communist, anarchist, and eco-socialist groups amplifying the PKK’s cause through Algeria’s state-controlled platforms. With visa clearances for high-profile activists like Schamberger, whose role was publicly advertised, and open institutional access granted to Ladraa, Algeria’s oversight and tacit support were evident. This investigation exposes how, under the watchful eye of Algerian authorities, the PKK’s message was strategically projected into the heart of Western Sahara, escalating tensions with Turkey and Syria.

The journey of the PKK message from Tindouf began thousands of kilometers away, in the Swedish city of Göteborg, far from the burning sands of the Sahara. In December 2019, Solidarity Rising was founded as a nonprofit organization with a focus on global causes. Registered under Swedish registry number 802527-7537, it operates from Sweden, with its founder, Benjamin Ladraa, the central protagonist who gave the platform to the PKK message from Tindouf.

Born on November 25, 1992, to Jewish parents (in his own words), Ladraa holds Algerian, Swedish, and Palestinian citizenship. He engages in performative activism, which is the use of symbolic acts aimed at drawing attention and garner public recognition, than to produce tangible measurable outcomes and significant impact.

Example photos of performative activism which often polarizing tactics to amplify their causes: Rachid Nekkaz filming himself paying fines for women wearing burqas, alongside the moment he was physically assaulted; a Cannes red carpet protest featuring a woman in a Ukraine-themed dress covered in fake blood; a rare anti-surrogacy protest; a FEMEN activist targeting Putin and Angela Merkel; and Just Stop Oil activists throwing soup on Van Gogh’s Sunflowers to draw attention to environment issues.

Examples of individuals who engage in this style in Algeria were Rachid Nekkaz, with a style of activism including hosting social media-driven campaigns, organizing flashy demonstrations, or taking high-profile “activist” trips. Benjamin Ledraa, in 2018 walked from Sweden to Palestine, in order to garner media attention and spotlight issues without engaging in sustained on-the-ground action. On this walk, Ladraa was detained and denied entry by Israeli intelligence agency Aman, which he leveraged to increase his media visibility. His act of walking and arrest was celebrated as a political statement, yet its real-world consequences were minimal. The public persona Benjamin cultivated through these methods gained further attention and was granted honorary Palestinian citizenship by Mahmoud Abbas, lending a sense of legitimacy and depth to his performative activism.

Benjamin Ladraa has documented associations with the Gaza flotilla and pro-Hamas organizations. He is cited in an Israeli counter-terrorist and intelligence report as a fringe pro-Palestinian activist. Despite these affiliations and his background, Ladraa publicly presents himself as a “Swedish humanitarian activist,” carefully leveraging his proficiency in English to promote this narrative. During our investigation, we found that Benjamin Ladraa deliberately omits reference to his Algerian heritage, Jewish ancestry, and Arabic language from his public persona and marketing efforts. Instead, he carefully emphasizes his Swedish identity. This strategic omission enables him to present his activism as part of a broader, global humanitarian movement, while distancing himself from specific ideological associations that could complicate his narrative.

Benjamin Ladraa, who was denied entry into Palestine by Israeli authorities. He shared his experience on Instagram, explaining that the Israeli border guards gave him two reasons for denying entry: concerns about his activism and his potential plans to visit Nabi Saleh for a demonstration.

The event in Tindouf, which Benjamin Ladraa organized with his girlfriend Sanna Ghotbi, through his Swedish NGO Solidarity Rising, was publicly promoted as the Solidarity Summit 2025, announced on October 11, 2024. Despite being labeled a ”summit”, a term usually reserved for large-scale, high-level gatherings of political leaders, diplomats, and international organizations with thousands of participants, the event was, in fact, a more modest conference, with only a handful of participants, not exceeding a hundred people. It attracted activists who self-identify as anarchists, Marxists, communists, eco-socialists, and Zapatistas from countries such as Germany, Sweden, Lithuania, Colombia, Japan, the U.S., and others. The speakers were announced in advance, and participants had to register to attend, with a clear understanding of the event’s ideological goals. All attendees were required to apply for an Algerian visa and arrived at Tindouf’s airport, underscoring the logistical coordination behind the gathering.

The “summit” took place at the National Union of Sahraoui Women (UNMS), the female branch of the Polisario Front, and participants stayed in Boujdour Camps, near Tindouf.

Benjamin Ladraa and his girlfriend Sanna Ghotbi, promoters of the Solidarity Summit 2025 held in Tindouf between January 4 to January 7, 2025.

Benjamin Ladraa and his girlfriend Sanna Ghotbi arrived in Algeria more than a month before the start of the Solidarity Summit 2025, which was held from January 4 to 7, 2025. During this time, they were granted open access to key institutions and influential figures. They held talks at the Institute of International Relations at the University of Algiers 3, and were received by senior Algerian officials, including Walis, elected representatives, and members of civil society in Algiers, Mostaganem, Oran, and Tlemcen. Additionally, they were interviewed by Algerian state TV and radio, as well as private media channels. In parallel, they spent time in Tindouf, where they coordinated the logistics and operations for the summit, ensuring everything was in place for the event.

Benjamin Ladraa and Sanna Ghotbi were granted open access to key institutions and figures across multiple cities in Algeria, holding talks with senior officials and being interviewed by state and private media ahead of the Solidarity Summit 2025.

Benjamin Ladraa and Sanna Ghotbi embarked on an international biking tour aimed at “raising awareness of Western Sahara.” Throughout their journey, they stopped in several countries, including France, Italy, the Czech Republic, Greece, South Korea, Japan, and Thailand, where they delivered talks and hosted conferences about the situation in Western Sahara. Their website, Solidarity Rising, attracts most of its visitors from South Korea, the U.S., France, and the Czech Republic, but notably, there are no visitors from Algeria.

In Europe, they garnered significant attention, being welcomed by elected officials from Spain, Italy, Greece, and Sweden. In France, they engaged with the Algerian diaspora, notably in Lyon as the Polisario press agency and El Moudjahid reported, meeting with Nasser Khabat, an associate of Karim Zeribi and President of the Mouvement Dynamique des Algériens de France (MOUDAF), a pro-Tebboune diaspora group. Khabat is also connected to the Algerian-led hybrid warfare network operating in France led by Chemseddine Hafiz, known for orchestrating influencer campaigns to influence public opinion and political discourse within the country.

In one photo, Benjamin Ladraa and his girlfriend Sanna Ghotbi are seen with the president of Moudaf, Nasser Khabat, and Rima Hassan. In another, they are joined by Franco-Algerian Vénissieux Lyon communist elected representative Sophia Brikh, alongside individuals who act as Algerian agents of influence in France.

In the event, Greta Thunberg and other activists were present. However, no PKK operatives per se attended. There were no Kurdish nationals from northeastern Syria, Iraq, or Turkey, nor members of their diaspora, who are directly affiliated with or hold leadership positions in the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) or its military wings, such as the YPG or YPJ. To emphasize: NO PKK operatives from northeastern Syria, Iraq, or Turkey were present.

But one individual, the speaker who delivered the PKK message from Tindouf, stood out. Kerem Schamberger, closely tied to Benjamin Ladraa and featured as a speaker at the event, is a German native who openly identifies as a Communist and is involved in various anarchist and neo-Marxist movements. Schamberger is a vocal advocate for Rojava’s independence (the Kurdish-controlled region of northeastern Syria) and a staunch supporter of the YPG and YPJ causes. He regularly participates in their events, defends their movements publicly, and promotes the idea of Kurdish self-determination and autonomy. He is a political activist deeply embedded in the European left-wing networks advocating for Kurdish liberation, and his connections raise questions about the broader ideological influence at play during the event in Tindouf.

Benjamin Ladraa and his girlfriend Sanna Ghotbi pictured alongside Kerem Schamberger in Tindouf, Algeria, January 2025.

Kerem Schamberger served as one of the two official spokespersons for the DKP in Munich starting in 2010. In this role, he was responsible for representing the party publicly, organizing events, and advancing the DKP’s Marxist-Leninist agenda in the region. A passionate advocate for Marxist theory and praxis, Schamberger was deeply involved in promoting the party’s stances on anti-capitalism, media critique, and solidarity with workers’ unions, all while using antifascism and social justice as banners. His public association with the DKP became a focal point of scrutiny, particularly in his academic and professional career.

For our readers’ understanding: the DKP is a Marxist-Leninist political party in Germany, founded in 1968 as a successor to the banned Communist Party of Germany (KPD). The DKP adheres to the principles of Marxism-Leninism, advocating for the abolition of capitalism and supporting the right to own property, such as land and housing. The party maintains strong ties with trade unions, peace movements, and other left-wing organizations, and is critical of NATO, the European Union, and neoliberal policies. During the Cold War, the DKP aligned with the Soviet Union. Today, it faces criticism for its close ties to Russia and its alignment with Putin’s policies. Considered a fringe party in modern German politics, the DKP has limited electoral influence but continues to exert a significant ideological impact within leftist and academic circles.

On the left, Kerem Schamberger holds a DKP (German Communist Party) flag during a pro-Kurdish protest in Paris. On the right, Benjamin Ladraa and Sanna Ghotbi are hosted in France by the French Communist Party.

Kerem Schamberger has also been open and public about his pro-YPG and YPJ activism, as well as his efforts to promote the independence of the Rojava region (northeastern Kurdish region of Syria, *not* Turkey). The distinction here is crucial for our readers, and we emphasize its importance: while the Turkish PKK movement is classified as a terrorist organization by the US, the EU, and Turkey, the YPG and YPJ are not, and in fact, have been military allies of the US and NATO in the fight against ISIS in Syria. This has led to tension between Turkey and the West, particularly when Erdogan vetoed Sweden’s and Finland’s NATO membership bids in 2022, arguing that they were protecting YPG and YPJ militants on their soil.

Kerem Schamberger assisted in organizing and participated in pro-YPG and YPJ events in Germany. One such event, held on September 28, 2024, in Cologne, was titled “Persecution of Opposition Members in Exile and the Role of the EU” (Die Verfolgung Der Oppositionellen Im Exil Und Die Rolle Der Eu), and was organized by the association Stimmen der Solidarität – Mahnwache Köln e.V. The idea for the event emerged from the solidarity group “Freiheit für Adil Demirci” in 2019. The association positions itself as a Cologne-based human rights organization, with members engaging on a voluntary basis.

The Festival der Solidarität (Festival of Solidarity), organized by the Cologne-based association Stimmen der Solidarität – Mahnwache Köln e.V., took place on September 27 and 28 at the Bürgerzentrum Ehrenfeld in Cologne. The event aimed to raise awareness about human rights violations and the plight of political prisoners in Turkey and Iran. On the second day, the festival focused on topics such as the disappearance of opposition members, political persecution, and political murders in Turkey, with two panel discussions moderated by Cologne politicians Lale Akgün and Kazim Gündoğan.

Kerem Schamberger, who is from the human rights organization Medico, highlighted the German government’s plans to increase the deportation of Turkish asylum seekers, particularly those from Kurdish regions, as part of agreements to return 500 individuals to Turkey each month.

Since the third festival, Cologne’s mayor, Henriette Reker, has supported the event, which has also garnered attendance from Bundestag and Landtag representatives, including Green Party member Gönül Eglence and Left Party politician Cansu Özdemir. The festival receives support from various organizations and foundations, including the city of Cologne, the Socio-Cultural Center NRW, and the Rosa-Luxemburg Foundation.

Brochure of the event “Festival of Solidarity” with the panel “Persecution of opposition members in exile and the role of the EU”, which took place on September 28, 2024 at 18:00 in Köln, Germany.

Kerem Schamberger (left) participating in a panel discussion at the Festival der Solidarität on September 28, 2024, alongside Lale Akgün, Hayko Bağdat, and Süleyman Demirtaş, during the second day of the festival in Cologne.

Another example was the unrolling of a banner on Berlin’s Brandenburg Gate, one of the most emblematic symbols in Germany and Europe, he actively promoted it.

On December 16, 2024, Kerem Schamberger tweeted in support of a protest at the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin, praising it as “a good action to draw attention to the threat to Rojava.” The protest highlighted opposition to Turkish attacks on Rojava and demanded support for a democratic Syria.

Kerem has a 15 years friendship with Najla Mohammed Lamin, speaker at the conference, and the one who coordinated with them the visit and explanation of the Polisario camps, and how they operate.

Kerem Schamberger and Najla Mohammed Lamin, a member of the Polisario Front’s women’s branch and an activist, have known each other for over 15 years.

Based on his extensive public statements, documented activities, and affiliations, it becomes evident that Kerem Schamberger who identifies as a Communist and participates in Marxist and anarchist campaigns, publicly advocates for the Rojava independence and the YPG and YPJ causes. Prior to the summit, Kerem Schamberger was listed in the program on the summit’s official website as a speaker under the title “Kerem Schamberger about Rojava”, clearly communicating his direct involvement in promoting the Rojava cause at the summit held in Tindouf, Algeria.

This screen capture from the Solidarity Rising website, shows Kerem Schamberger listed as a speaker at the Solidarity Summit 2025 in Tindouf, Algeria, discussing “Rojava.” The summit’s website mentions that visa arrangements are coordinated through Polisario representatives, indicating Algerian government awareness of Schamberger’s participation and the topic of his speech.

While Kerem Schamberger was unequivocally listed on the summit’s official website as a speaker on Rojava, the website also indicated that visa arrangements required coordination through the “nearest Polisario representative,” who, in turn, coordinated directly with the Algerian government to “make sure that you get a Visa to the camps without any issue”. It is therefore clear and incontrovertible that Algerian diplomatic channels and intelligence were fully aware of Kerem Schamberger’s presence and identity. The Algerian consul and the Algerian intelligence attaché from the “Bureau de Sécurité” who look at visa applications, knew who he was, his presence at the event, and the subject of his speech: Rojava, which is the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (AANES). This region operates as a de facto autonomous entity in northeastern Syria, governed by the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), a U.S.-backed coalition of left-wing militias and rebel groups, including the YPG and YPJ.

During the event in Tindouf, Kerem read a statement on behalf of the General Command of the YPJ. The female soldiers branch of the SDF later posted a statement on their website, which read: “we extend our greetings to all organizations that participated in this statement of support on behalf of all the fighters who resist on the frontlines of dignity against Turkish occupation […] We especially salute the Polisario Front, which continues its struggle against Moroccan occupation […] Just as in northeastern Syria, where our people face attacks from the Turkish state, the Sahrawis in Morocco and many other communities encounter similar colonial policies. We are engaged in a shared struggle against the same authoritarian mindset. The unity of women’s and peoples’ liberation movements is what will ultimately dismantle the throne of power […] We call for the strengthening of these liberation efforts to achieve our shared goals of freedom and democracy”.

The statement was posted on the YPJ website (to read it, click here for english, and here for arabic), expressing solidarity with the Polisario Front and highlighting the shared struggle for freedom and democracy against colonial and authoritarian forces. The message emphasizes the unity of women’s and people’s liberation movements in dismantling oppressive powers.

Later after the conference, we see a video where everyone chants “Free Free Palestine” “Free Free Palestine” “Free Free Rojava” “Free Free Rojava”.

Algerian authorities are widely recognized for their stringent control over freedom of speech in the northern part of the country, a trend that is exponentially more severe in the heavily militarized region of Tindouf. The video above, in which chants of “Free Free Palestine” and “Free Free Rojava” are clearly heard, shows the selective enforcement of censorship by Algerian authorities. Had these chants instead expressed support for the MAK movement, such as “Free Free Kabylie,” or called for increased democracy and the end of military rule with slogans like “Mukhābārāt Irhābīyah, Taskūt al-Māfīā al-‘Askarīyah.” (Terrorist Secret Police, the Military Mafia Will Be Brought Down) it is evident that the individuals responsible for recording and disseminating the video would not have been allowed to do so freely.

This clear disparity in enforcement demonstrates that the Algerian military regime not only saw and heard the video but consciously chose to permit its dissemination, revealing a deliberate and selective approach to censorship that undermines any claims of ignorance or neutrality in this matter.

Something more curious also happened. It is a well-documented practice that Algerian authorities closely monitor diplomats within Algeria, requiring them to obtain prior authorization through official diplomatic channels, often in the form of a note verbale submitted to the Algerian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. This process, which frequently takes days or even weeks for approval, is ostensibly justified as a measure to ensure the protection of diplomats. However, the actual purpose is widely understood to be the surveillance of their movements and the monitoring of their interactions with Algerian citizens, as it was reported by Antoine de Maximy in March 2024 during his visit in the Algerian south. This practice is even more stringently enforced in sensitive areas such as Tindouf.

Foreign Elected Officials from Sweden, the U.S and other countries attended the event.

What raises eyebrows is the presence, was the presence of Swedish and U.S. parliamentary members and one speaker at the event Stellan Vinthagen, who are documented, as evidenced in the video below and photographs, holding and then folding flags of the Rojava and the YPJ. These members, who were required to obtain Algerian visas and were escorted by Algerian authorities to the Polisario camps in Tindouf, were clearly escorted and monitored. They actively held SDF and YPJ flags while chanting “Free Free Rojava.” This videotaped instance of actions that could be interpreted as a violation of territorial integrity, despite the very sensitive nature of these acts, Algerian authorities allowed the individuals involved to proceed without any incident or interference, further calling into question their claims of neutrality and consistent enforcement of their territorial sovereignty.

So let’s set the record straight: Benjamin Ladraa, a 33-year-old Algerian-Swedish-Palestinian citizen, enjoyed unrestricted access to Polisario representatives across Europe and widespread visibility in Algerian media. In the month and a half leading up to the event, he was hosted by Algerian authorities, traveling through Algiers, Mostaganem, Oran, Tlemcen, and Tindouf. The summit itself featured the attendance of the Polisario Prime Minister, the Minister of Defense, and Brahim Ghali. Ladraa’s close associate, Kerem Schamberger, a public advocate for Rojava, was explicitly listed on the summit’s website as a speaker on the subject and was required to obtain a visa through coordination with Polisario representatives and Algerian authorities. The Algerian authorities and the Polisario ones, heard and saw him reading the statement of Polisario women supporting the Rojava women movement YPJ, and saw and heard the video with chants “Free Free Rojava” “Free Free Rojava” with SDF and YPJ flags, and they let it go, while they are notorious for censorship and repression of speech.

These facts directly implicate Algerian authorities’ awareness of both the individuals involved and the topics discussed at the event and the messages they advocated for publicly. The only other explanation is that Algerian authorities were unaware or didn’t see, which is not possible as all of the information and what happened was overt and public.

Contrary to Mr. Amar Belani’s claims that “these allegations are imaginary and baseless,” the facts we have listed are documented and public, and therefore remain indisputable and not “imaginary”.

Amar Belani and the Algerian Embassy in Ankara claimed that “No Kurdish Delegation Visited Algeria,” which is technically true since no formal Kurdish delegation or fighters were present in Tindouf. However, what actually occurred was far worse: Algerian authorities knowingly (or not) provided a platform for the public promotion of Rojava, an entity governed by the U.S.-backed Kurdish militias, effectively facilitating advocacy for a cause they claim to oppose.

Amara Belani’s statement that “the strong and strategic relations that link Algeria with Turkey cannot be affected by any unfriendly confusion or ambiguity” and that “does not interfere in the internal affairs of countries, and this is an ideological position in our foreign policy” is wrong, since allowing the Rojava support message from the Tindouf camps, which was echoed on Kurdish media, is in fact a direct threat, not to Turkish sovereignty, but to Syrian territorial integrity.

Once the photos were taken and video shot and went public, they were relayed by ANF the PKK’s press agency, and YPJ (women’s PKK fighters), and their proxies: “Emergency Committee for Rojava” and “International Commune”. Later, german media BR2 wrote an article and a radio show BR, as well as the Kurdish TV emitting from Norway spoke about it on its news reports. The relay by the Kurdish media, German, Turkish media, was then picked up by Moroccan media which inaccurately described the presence of a PKK delegation, which is incorrect. The fact was that there were activists with anarchist, marxist, communist, zapatistas, eco-socialists activists and nostalgic of anarchist-revolutionary causes, and at least three of them at least were openly pro-PKK and pro-YJP. The distinction is important to mention.

After the Moroccan press amplified the distorted fact, the Algerian regime denied everything through Amar Belani’s statement to avoid triggering Turkey and doing damage control and avoiding a bigger crisis.

The pertinent question is why the Algerian military regime would engage in fostering an environment that amplifies the voices of Marxist-Leninist, anarchist, and communist militants advocating for ethnic revolutions and Rojava’s separatism ? A very dangerous and volatile move ?

The answer appears to be a warning to two countries: first, to the growing pro-Moroccan alignment in Turkish foreign policy; and second, as a response to the increasingly anti-Polisario and pro-Morocco stance emerging within Syrian new leadership.

A warning to Turkey:

Algeria, while maintaining economic ties with Turkey in sectors such as construction and energy, appears to be signaling to Erdogan who wants to purge the YPG/YPJ as soon as possible, should Turkey align too closely with Morocco or undermine Algerian interests in the Maghreb, particularly concerning Libya or Western Sahara, Algeria holds the capability to spotlight or host Kurdish activists, a move that could complicate Turkey’s domestic and diplomatic agenda. This is of course clearly a provocative act to capture their attention and gauge their response. To mitigate potential backlash, Algeria subsequently issues official statements, such as declarations from its embassy affirming its condemnation of terrorism and respect for territorial integrity. This dual approach, enabling a contentious event while publicly disavowing it, operates as a calibrated pressure tactic. The military regime of Algiers, labeled as “thug state”, effectively demonstrates its capacity to exert diplomatic irritation toward Turkey, all while maintaining plausible deniability and managing tensions through official channels.

The other Warning is to Syria, which currently is in a fragile transition position

Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) is currently seeking balance in a fragile period marked by shifting alliances and external pressures, most notably from Turkey, its key supporter in toppling former Syrian President Bashar al-Assad. While Turkey is pushing HTS to dismantle and purge the Kurdish People’s Protection Units (YPG) and Women’s Protection Units (YPJ), HTS simultaneously claims to have had fruitful discussions with the US-backed Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), whose backbone is precisely the YPG and YPJ. The SDF did recently state that they do not want to break away from Syrian territorial integrity. The YPJ, the following day, maintained they refuse to lay down their arms at this point, even though Turkey considers them terrorist organizations and seeks their destruction. The EU, however, does not recognize the YPG or YPJ as terrorists. Italy called for giving autonomy to the Kurds, while the U.S. and France are sending forces to protect them, as they were allies against ISIS, and risk being crushed and purged by Turkey.

Meanwhile, Algeria, which harbors an existential and visceral hostility toward Morocco, and, by extension, France for supporting Morocco’s autonomy plan, has publicly qualified the current HTS as a terrorist group and supported Bashar al-Assad. Leaked intelligence revealed the active roles of Mohamed Mediene and Chafik Mesbah from the Algerian DRS in providing technical assistance, advisory services, and training, which contributed to war crimes committed in Syria by Bashar al-Assad. Following Assad’s fall, Algeria attempted to bribe the new leadership into recovering exposed Algerian intelligence and exfiltrating Algerian and Polisario militias, but these efforts were rejected.

Morocco, which supported revolutionaries against Bashar al-Assad and severed diplomatic relations with Syria in 2012 after witnessing the massacres, is now intensifying its diplomatic activities. Rabat is gradually engaging in covert efforts to persuade HTS to withdraw its recognition of the Polisario, thereby undermining Algeria’s stance in Western Sahara, which Syria has recognized since 1980.

The chants of “Free, Free Rojava” during the Solidarity Summit 2025 can be interpreted as a calculated signal orchestrated by Mohamed Mediene, Chafik Mesbah, and Mahrez Djeribi to strategically warn Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham, which may be considering withdrawing its support for the Polisario Front amid warming relations with Morocco. The Polisario Front has recently suffered significant diplomatic losses, including the withdrawal of recognition by Ecuador and Ghana at the end of 2024, and faces additional challenges with the anticipated inauguration of Donald Trump and the expected resurgence of Marco Rubio’s right-wing, anti-Polisario, and anti-Algerian military regime diplomacy. Such trends could lead to the potential designation of the Polisario Front as a terrorist organization, and was already labeled so by the Republic Congressman Joe Wilson on January 15, 2025.

The Algerian military regime’s decision to involve Greta Thunberg in the summit shows an effort to align the issue with left-wing and alt-left political narratives, intensifying ideological polarization and further entrenching its position on the matter.

Abderrahmane Fares