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Prostate Cancer


Prostate cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the prostate gland, a small gland located below the bladder that surrounds the urethra (the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body). The prostate gland is part of the male reproductive system and helps produce semen, which nourishes and transports sperm.
Symptoms of Prostate Cancer:
Difficulty urinating or burning sensation during urination
Weak urine flow
Frequent need to urinate, especially at night
Pain in the lower back or pelvis
Blood in urine or semen
Risk Factors:
Age: The risk increases with age, being more common in men over 50.
Family history: Having a family history of the disease can increase the risk.
Race: African American men may be at higher risk.
Diagnosis:
Physical examination: Includes a prostate exam via the rectum by the doctor.
PSA Test (Prostate-Specific Antigen): Measuring levels of this protein in the blood can help detect abnormal conditions in the prostate.
Prostate Biopsy: If tests are abnormal, a biopsy may be recommended to confirm cancer.
Treatment:
Active Surveillance: For slow-growing cancer with no symptoms, monitoring may be recommended.
Surgery: Removal of the prostate through surgery.
Radiation Therapy: Using radiation to treat cancer.
Hormone Therapy: Reducing hormone levels that help the cancer grow.
Chemotherapy: Using drugs to kill cancer cells.

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